A pharmacognosy study involves a detailed scientific analysis of natural medicines, typically derived from plants, animals, or microbes, to determine their physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties. The primary goals are to standardize, identify, authenticate, and assess the quality and purity of crude drugs and herbal products by establishing pharmacognostic specifications to ensure their safety and efficacy. Key aspects of these studies include morphological and microscopic examination, physicochemical analysis, and phytochemical (or histochemical) screening to detect specific compounds and identify potential adulterants.